What is the ‘great replacement theory’? A scholar of race relations explains

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What is the ‘great replacement theory’? A scholar of race relations explains

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The

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,” whose origins date back to the late 19th century, argues that Jews and some Western elites are conspiring to replace white Americans and Europeans with people of non-********* descent, particularly Asians and Africans.

The *********** evolved from a series of false ideas that, over time, stoked the fears of white people: In 1892, British-*********** author and politician Charles Pearson

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would “wake to find ourselves elbowed and hustled, and perhaps even thrust aside by people whom we looked down.” The massive influx of immigrants into Europe at the time fostered some of these fears and resulted in “white extinction anxiety.” In the U.S., it resulted in policies

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in the late 19th and early 20th century.

In France, journalist Édouard Drumont, leader of an antisemitic movement, wrote articles in the late 19th century imagining how

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. In 1909, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, an Italian poet and supporter of Benito Mussolini, argued that war and fascism

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.

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, then and now, worked to ensure white dominance.

This was followed by the

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, an erroneous and ******* theory that supported forced sterilization of ****** people, the mentally ill and other marginalized groups, who were all deemed “unfit.”

The 1978 book entitled “

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,” a fictional futuristic account of the overthrow of the ******* States government, further contributed to white nationalist ideas.

Collectively, these gave rise to a global movement that attracted a wide range of

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. These theories were formally codified

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, first in his 2010 book “L’Abécédaire de l’in-nocence” and elaborated in his 2011 book “

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.”

Camus argued that ******* French and white Europeans were being replaced physically, culturally and politically by nonwhite people. He believed that ******** immigration policies and the dramatic decline in white birth rates were threatening ********* civilization and traditions.

Why this *********** theory matters

These false ideas promulgated the spread of white supremacy, which has

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, state ********* and *********** campaigns in the U.S and parts of Europe.

On Aug. 11, 2017, during a “Unite the Right” rally in Charlottesville, Virginia,

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“You will not replace us” and “

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.” In spring 2019, Belgian politician Dries Van Langenhove repeatedly posted on social media, “

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.”

In recent years,

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have been the target of xenophobia. Migrants, especially from Mexico, are accused of

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to ********* cities. Immigrants have also been falsely accused of

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into the U.S. The reality is that immigrants commit

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.

Impact of the theory and spread of hate

In less than two decades, the theory has become a major idea, with as many

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believing some aspects of it. According to that survey, they are worried or at least concerned that they might be replaced. In the U.K.

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, close to

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believe that white people are systematically being replaced by nonwhite immigrants. Some in the U.S. ***** that America might lose its culture and identity as a result.

Being aware of *********** theories and standing up to hatred, I argue, can help societies deal with the continuing fallout of extreme xenophobia, ******* rants, the rise of white supremacy and the victimization of innocent people.

Provided by
The Conversation

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under a Creative Commons license. Read the

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Citation:
What is the ‘great replacement theory’? A scholar of race relations explains (2024, March 16)
retrieved 16 March 2024
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