Diamond Member SpaceMan 0 Posted December 16, 2025 Diamond Member Share Posted December 16, 2025 This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up Artemis II NASA astronauts (left to right) Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover, and Christina Koch, and CSA (********* Space Agency) astronaut Jeremy Hansen stand in the white room on the crew access arm of the mobile launcher at Launch Pad 39B as part of an integrated ground systems test at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Sept. 20, 2023. Credit: NASA/Frank Michaux With a second Trump Administration at the helm in 2025, NASA marked significant progress toward the Artemis II test flight early next year, which is the first crewed mission around the Moon in more than 50 years, as well as built upon its momentum toward a human return to the lunar surface in preparation to send the first astronauts — Americans — to Mars. As part of the agency’s Golden Age of innovation and exploration, NASA and its partners landed two robotic science missions on the Moon; garnered more signatories for the Artemis Accords with 59 nations now agreeing to safe, transparent, and responsible lunar exploration; as well as advanced a variety of medical and technological experiments for long-duration space missions like hand-held X-ray equipment and navigation capabilities. NASA also led a variety of science discoveries, including launching a joint satellite mission with India to regularly monitor Earth’s land and ice-covered surfaces, as well as identifying and tracking the third interstellar object in our solar system; achieved 25 continuous years of human presence aboard the International Space Station; and, for the first time, flew a test flight of the agency’s X-59 supersonic plane that will help revolutionize air travel. Sean Duffy, named by President Trump, is serving as the acting administrator while NASA awaits confirmation of Jared Isaacman to lead the agency. Isaacman’s nomination hearing took place in early December, and his nomination was passed out of committee with bipartisan support. The full Senate will consider Isaacman’s nomination soon. President Trump also nominated Matt Anderson to serve as deputy administrator, and Greg Autry to serve as chief financial officer, both of whom are awaiting confirmation hearings. NASA named Amit Kshatriya to associate administrator, the agency’s highest-ranking civil servant position. Key accomplishments by NASA in 2025 include: Astronauts exploring Moon, Mars is on horizon Under Artemis, NASA will send astronauts on increasingly difficult missions to explore more of the Moon for scientific discovery, economic benefits, and to build upon our foundation for the first crewed mission to Mars. The Artemis II test flight is the first flight with crew under NASA’s Artemis campaign and is slated to launch in early 2026. The mission will help confirm systems and hardware for future lunar missions, including Artemis III’s astronaut lunar landing. NASA also introduced This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in September, selected from more than 8,000 applicants. The class is undertaking nearly two years of training for future missions to low Earth orbit, the Moon, and Mars. Progress to send the first crews around the Moon and on the lunar surface under Artemis includes: NASA completed stacking of its Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft for Artemis II. Teams integrated elements manufactured across the country at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, including the rocket’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , as well as Orion’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , to name a few. Ahead of America’s 250th birthday next year, the SLS rocket’s twin-pair of This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up showcases the America 250 emblem. The Artemis II crew participated in more than 30 mission simulations alongside teams on the ground, ensuring the crew and launch, flight, and recovery teams are prepared for any situation that may arise during the test flight. Soon, crew will don their survival suits and get strapped into Orion during a countdown demonstration test, serving as a dress rehearsal for launch day. The agency worked with the Department of War to conduct a week-long underway recovery test in preparation to safely collect the Artemis II astronauts after they splashdown following their mission. To support later missions, teams conducted a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for future rocket generations, verified new This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , test-fired a new This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to help engineering teams better understand the physics of rocket exhaust and lunar landers, as well using various This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to test landing capabilities in various lighting conditions. Teams also conducted human-in-the-loop testing in Japan with JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) with a rover mockup from their agency. NASA also continued work with Axiom Space, to develop and test the company’s spacesuit, including completing a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up at the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory at NASA Johnson ahead of using the suit for Artemis training. The spacesuit will be worn by Artemis astronauts during the Artemis III mission to the lunar South Pole. On the Moon, future crew will use a lunar terrain vehicle, or LTV, to travel away from their landing zone. NASA previously awarded three companies feasibility studies for developing LTV, followed by a request for proposals earlier this year. The agency is expected to make an award soon to develop, deliver, and demonstrate LTV on the lunar surface later this decade. The agency also selected This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that will be included on the LTV to study the Moon’s surface composition and scout for potential resources. For operations around the Moon, NASA and its partners continued to develop Gateway to support missions between lunar orbit and the Moon’s surface. Construction and production of the first two elements, a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , each progressed, as did development and testing of potential science and technology demonstrations operated from Gateway. International partners also continued work that may contribute technology to support those elements, as well as additional habitation capabilities and an airlock. This past year, NASA’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up team collaborated with over 3,900 members from academia, industry, and government on key lunar surface capabilities. Members from across the U.S. and 71 countries participated in two biannual meetings, three lunar surface workshops, and monthly topic meetings, resulting in 10 studies, four reports, and nine conference presentations. Building on previous missions and planning for the future, NASA will conduct more science and technology demonstrations on and around the Moon than ever before. Work toward effort included: Selected a suite of science studies for the Artemis II mission, including studies that focus on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . Launched two CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) flights with NASA as a key customer, including This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , which landed on the Moon March 2, and Intuitive Machines’ Nova C lunar lander, which touched down on March 6. Experiments and tech demos aboard these flights included an This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , lunar navigation system, high-performance computing, collection of more than 9,000 This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up of the lunar lander’s engine plumes, and more. For future CLPS flights, NASA awarded Blue Origin a task order with an option to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up the agency’s VIPER (Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover) to the lunar South Pole in late 2027, as well as awarded Firefly This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , slated for 2030. Teams studied regolith (lunar dirt and rocks) in a simulated lunar gravity environment and tested how This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in space. The agency’s 55-pound CubeSat in lunar orbit, CAPSTONE, exceeded 1,000 days in space, serving as a testbed for autonomous navigation and in-space communications. Published findings from this This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up highlighting why green algae may be a very good deep space travel companion. This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up NASA announced its 2025 Astronaut Candidate Class on Sept. 22, 2025. The 10 candidates, pictured here at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston are: U.S. Army CW3 Ben Bailey, Anna Menon, Rebecca Lawler, Katherine Spies, U.S. Air Force Maj. Cameron Jones, Dr. Lauren Edgar, U.S. Navy Lt. Cmdr. Erin Overcash, Yuri Kubo, Dr. Imelda Muller, and U.S. Air Force Maj. Adam Fuhrmann.Credit: NASA/Josh Valcarcel Technological and scientific steps toward humanity’s next giant leap on the Red Planet include: Launched a pair of spacecraft, known as This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , on a mission to Mars, arriving in September 2027, to study how its magnetic environment is impacted by the Sun. This data will better inform our understanding of space weather, which is important to help minimize the effects of radiation for future missions with crew. NASA announced This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , from the agency’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, to lead the nation’s fission surface power efforts. Selected This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for a second yearlong ground-based simulation of a human mission to Mars, which began in October, as well as tested a new deep space This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up concept. Completed the agency’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up experiment, which exceeded all of its technical goals after two years. This type of laser communications has the potential to support high-bandwidth connections for long duration crewed missions in deep space. NASA completed its fourth Entry Descent and Landing technology test in three months, accelerating innovation to achieve precision landings on Mars’ thin atmosphere and rugged terrain. Other research to support long-duration missions in deep space include how This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . Through the Artemis Accords, seven new nations have joined the United States, led by NASA and the U.S. Department of State, in a voluntary commitment to the safe, transparent, and responsible exploration of the Moon, Mars, and beyond. With nearly 60 signatories, more countries are expected to sign in the coming months and years. New nations joining America, a founding member in 2020, in signing the accords this year included This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , as well as This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . A NASA delegation participated in the 76th International Astronautical Congress in Sydney, Australia. During the congress, NASA co-chaired the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , bringing together dozens of nations furthering discussions on their implementation. Finally, NASA engaged the public to join its missions to the Moon and Mars through a variety of activities. The agency sought names from people around the world to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up on a SD card aboard Orion during the Artemis II mission. NASA also sponsored a global challenge to design the spacecraft’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , announcing 25 finalists this year for the mascot design. Artemis II crew members are expected to announce a winner soon. NASA’s gold standard science benefits humanity In addition to conducting science at the Moon and Mars to further human exploration in the solar system, the agency continues its quest in the search for life, and its scientific work defends the planet from asteroids, advances wildfire monitoring from its satellites, studies the Sun, and more. Garnering significant interest this year, NASA has coordinated a solar system-wide observation campaign to follow comet This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , the third known interstellar object to pass through our solar system. To date, 12 NASA spacecraft and space-based telescopes have captured and processed imagery of the comet since its discovery in the summer. Astrobiology A Perseverance sample found on Mars potentially contain This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , a substance or structure that might have a biological origin but requires additional data and studying before any conclusions can be reached about the absence or presence of life. NASA’s Curiosity rover on Mars found the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up on the Red Planet to date. Teams also are working to develop technologies for the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and the agency now has tallied This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up s. Samples from asteroid Bennu revealed sugars, amino acids, and other life-building molecules. Planetary Defense In defense of Earth and protecting humanity, NASA has continued to monitor a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that triggered potential impact notifications. Scientists have worked to calculate more This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , noting the asteroid, which poses no significant threat to Earth, has only a 0.0004% chance of hitting our planet. An international satellite determined NASA’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up (Double Asteroid Redirect Test) released 35.5 million pounds of dust and rock from the mission’s impact in 2022. Other data collection and missions helped inform knowledge of This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in Texas, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in real-time, improved This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for farmers and ranchers, and more. NASA also This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , improved This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and studied heat-trapping processes. Heliophysics In addition to the ESCAPADE mission, NASA also launched five other heliophysics missions to study the Sun and space weather, including This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . In addition to launching the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up mission, here are other key science moments: Completion of NASA’s next flagship observatory, the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , is done, with final testing underway. The telescope will help answer questions about dark energy and exoplanets and will be ready to launch as early as fall of 2026. The agency’s newest operating flagship telescope, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , now in its third year, continued to transform our understanding of the universe, and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up celebrated its 35th year with a 2.5-gigapixel This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . Juno found a massive, hyper-energetic volcano on Jupiter’s moon Io. NASA’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up team shared new images of the Sun’s atmosphere, taken closer to the star than ever captured before. Lucy completed a successful rehearsal flyby of the asteroid This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . The agency’s SPHEREx space telescope is creating the first full-sky This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . NASA space telescopes including Chandra X-ray Observatory, IXPE, Fermi, Swift, and NuSTAR continued to reveal secrets in the universe from record-setting This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to the first observations of the cosmos’ This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up NASA’s ESCAPADE (Escape and Plasma Acceleration and Dynamics Explorers) mission launched on Nov. 13, 2025, atop a Blue Origin New Glenn rocket at Launch Complex 36 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.Credit: Blue Origin 25 years of continuous presence in low Earth orbit In 2025, the International Space Station This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up of continuous human presence, a milestone achievement underscoring its role as a beacon of global cooperation in space. The orbital laboratory supported thousands of hours of groundbreaking research in microgravity in 2025, advancing commercial space development and preparing for future human exploration of the Moon and Mars. For the first time, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up by visiting spacecraft to close out the year, demonstrating the strength of NASA’s commercial and international partnerships. Twenty-five people from six countries lived and worked aboard the station this year. In all, 12 spacecraft visited the space station in 2025, including seven cargo missions delivering more than 50,000 pounds of science, tools, and critical supplies to the orbital complex. Research aboard the International Space Station continues to benefit life on Earth and support deep space exploration. Several studies with This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up aimed at understanding how the human body adapts to spaceflight, including This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to assess astronauts’ performance, decision making, and piloting capabilities during simulated lunar landings. In September, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved an early-stage ******* treatment, supported by research aboard the space station, that could reduce costs and shorten treatment times for patients. Scientists also published findings in peer-reviewed journals on topics such as astronaut piloting performance after long missions, the use of biologically derived materials to shield against space radiation, robotic telesurgery in space, and how spaceflight affects stem cells, all advancing our understanding of human physiology in space and on Earth. Researchers 3D-printed medical implants with potential to support nerve repair; advanced work toward large-scale, in-space semiconductor manufacturing; and researched the production of medical components with increased stability and biocompatibility that could improve medication delivery. Additional notable space operations accomplishments included: NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 astronauts Nick Hague, Suni Williams, and Butch Wilmore This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up after a long-duration mission, including more than eight months for Williams and Wilmore. The trio completed more than 150 scientific experiments and 900 hours of research during the stay aboard the orbiting laboratory. Williams also conducted two spacewalks, setting a new female spacewalking record with 62 hours, 6 minutes, and ranking her fourth all-time in spacewalk duration. NASA astronaut Don Pettit This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up with Roscosmos cosmonauts Alexey Ovchinin and Ivan Vagner, concluding a seven-month mission. Pettit, who turned 70 the day of his return, completed This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up during his flight, and has now logged 590 days in space across four missions. SpaceX Dragon cargo missions 32 and 33 launched in April and August, delivering more than 11,700 pounds of cargo, while SpaceX 33 tested a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to help maintain the altitude of station. Axiom Mission 4, the fourth private astronaut mission to the space station, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , furthering NASA’s efforts to support and advance commercial operations in low Earth orbit. NASA SpaceX Crew-11 mission This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up with NASA astronauts Zena Cardman and Mike Fincke, JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Kimiya Yui, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Platonov aboard. The crew remains aboard the space station where they are conducting long-duration This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to support This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and benefit life on Earth. NASA’s SpaceX This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up completed more than 600 hours of research before returning in August, when they became This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for NASA to splash down in the Pacific Ocean. In September, the first Northrop Grumman Cygnus XL spacecraft This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , delivering more than 11,000 pounds of cargo, including research supporting Artemis and Mars exploration. NASA Glenn researchers This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that could help astronauts quickly check for injuries or equipment problems during future space missions. For nearly six years, NASA’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up project has This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up how to produce essential nutrients to support astronaut health during deep space missions, where food and vitamins have limited shelf lives. With its third experiment now aboard the International Space Station, the research continues to advance preparations for long-duration spaceflight. NASA astronaut Chris Williams This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up with Roscosmos cosmonauts Sergey Kud-Sverchkov and Sergei Mikaev for an eight-month science mission aboard the station. Following their arrival, NASA astronaut Jonny Kim This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , concluding his own eight-month mission. NASA has worked with commercial companies to advance development of privately owned and operated space stations in low Earth orbit from which the agency, along with other customers, can purchase services and stimulate the growth of commercial activities in microgravity. This work is done in advance of the International Space Station’s retirement in 2030. Among the many achievements made by our partners, recent advancements include: Axiom Space has completed critical design review, machining activities, and the final welds, moving to testing for the primary structure of Axiom Station’s first module. Starlab This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up focused on reviews of its preliminary design and safety, as well as spacecraft mockup and procurement plans. Completed testing of the trace contaminant control system for This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up using facilities at NASA Marshall, confirming the system can maintain a safe and healthy atmosphere. Blue Origin’s Orbital Reef This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up using individual participants or small groups to perform day-in-the-life walkthroughs in life-sized mockups of major station components. The agency also continues to support the design and development of space stations and technologies through agreements with Northrop Grumman, Sierra Space, SpaceX, Special Aerospace Services, and ThinkOrbital. This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up On Nov. 2, 2025, the International Space Station celebrated 25 years of continuous human presence. Here, clouds swirl over the Gulf of Alaska and underneath the aurora borealis blanketing Earth’s horizon in this photograph from the space station as it orbited 261 miles above on March 12, 2025.Credit: NASA Pioneering aviation research This year saw a major triumph for NASA’s aviation researchers, as its X-59 one-of-a-kind quiet supersonic aircraft This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up Oct 28. NASA test pilot Nils Larson flew the X-59 for 67 minutes up to an altitude of about 12,000 feet and an approximate top speed of 230 mph, precisely as planned. The flight capped off a year of This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up including This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up — all to make sure first flight went This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and smoothly. The X-59 team will now focus on preparing for a series of flight tests where the aircraft will operate at higher altitudes and supersonic speeds. This flight test phase will ensure the X-59 meets performance and safety expectations. NASA’s Quesst mission also began testing the technologies that they will use to measure the X-59’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up during future mission phases. Researchers also made other major strides to further aviation technologies that will benefit the public and first responders, including This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up of a new portable airspace management system with the potential to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up air traffic awareness during wildland fire operations. During the past year, the agency’s aeronautics researchers also: Conducted live flight testing with aircraft performing simulated wildland fire response using NASA’s new portable airspace management system known as Advanced Capabilities for Emergency Response Operations (ACERO) project. Used NASA’s Transonic Dynamics Tunnel in Virginia to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up designed for NASA’s Dragonfly rotorcraft, which will explore Saturn’s moon, Titan. Performed This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to see how icing could affect longer, thinner wings on future airliners and to evaluate a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up likely to see wide usage in advanced air mobility vehicles. Tested NASA-designed This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that could be embedded into aircraft skin for more aerodynamic, reliable, satellite communications. Worked to advance the airborne transportation of people and goods, including a collaboration with the Department of War to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for long-distance cargo drones; a partnership to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for remotely piloted urban air transportation; This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up exploring large-scale drone cargo flights; and work with ResilienX to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for safer future skies. Performed research to help with the integration of air taxis and similar future aircraft, such as producing This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to help understand their flight dynamics; dropping a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to test its materials upon impact; collecting to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up strategies for urban airspace integration; investigating This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up ; and testing 5G-based aviation network technology This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that would help prevent collisions between air taxis and other future aircraft in urban environments. Made advances to unsteady This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , allowing it to measure air pressure on miniature aircraft and rocket models 10,000 times faster with 1,000 times higher resolution. Collected data on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up that allow users to interact with physical flight simulators while wearing virtual reality headsets. Developed the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for U.S. researchers and aircraft developers to integrate icing-related considerations into aircraft design. Supported research for safer and smoother airline and airport operations, including; developing a preflight rerouting tool to actively This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and save fuel; demonstrating a unique air traffic management concept for This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up ; and hosting This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to make runway taxiing safer and more efficient. Adapted This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up on high-speed air vehicles for hypersonic flights at speeds greater than Mach 5. Provided funding for This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to build innovative new compact emergency response aircraft; issued This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up for university teams to This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in real-world aviation challenges, including the program’s first to a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . NASA also named winners in the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , as well as selected new student teams for the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up NASA’s X-59 quiet supersonic research aircraft lifts off for its first flight on Oct. 28, 2025, from U.S. Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale, California. The aircraft’s first flight marks the start of flight testing for NASA’s Quesst mission, the result of years of design, integration, and ground testing.Credit: NASA/Lori Losey Technologies that advance exploration, support growing space economies From spinoff technologies on Earth to accelerating development of technologies in low Earth orbit and at the Moon and Mars, NASA develops, demonstrates, and transfer new space technologies that benefit the agency, private companies, and other government agencies and missions. Accomplishments by NASA and our partners in 2025 included: NASA and Teledyne Energy Systems Inc. demonstrated a This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up aboard a Blue Origin New Shepard mission, proving it can deliver reliable power in the microgravity environment of space. Varda Space Industries licensed cutting-edge heatshield material from NASA, allowing it to be produced commercially for the company’s capsule containing a platform to process pharmaceuticals in microgravity. Through this This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up NASA is making entry system materials more readily available to the U.S. space economy and advancing the industries that depend on it. The This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up hypersonic launch system demonstrated the U.S. commercial space industry’s capacity to test large payloads (up to 400 pounds) at five times the speed of sound. NASA’s support of Spyder’s development helped ensure the availability of fast-turnaround, lower cost testing services for U.S. government projects focused on space exploration and national security. The NASA Integrated Rotating Detonation Engine System completed a test series for its first rotating detonation rocket engine technology thrust chamber assembly unit. NASA successfully completed its automated space traffic coordination objectives between the agency’s four Starling spacecraft and SpaceX’s Starlink constellation. The Starling demonstration matured This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up capabilities for spacecraft swarms using Distributed Spacecraft Autonomy software, developed by NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley. NASA announced an industry partnership to design the This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up demonstrate use of Motiv Space Systems’ robotic arm aboard a hosted orbital flight test with Astro Digital. The third spacecraft in the R5 (Realizing Rapid, Reduced-cost high-Risk Research) demonstration series launched aboard SpaceX’s Transporter-15 mission. This series of small satellites leverage terrestrial commercial off-the-shelf hardware to enable affordable, rapid orbital flight tests of rendezvous and proximity operations payloads. Pieces of webbing material, known as Zylon, which This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up launched to low Earth orbit aboard the Space Force’s X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle for a trip that will help researchers characterize how the material responds to long-duration exposure to the harsh vacuum of space. The DUPLEX CubeSat developed by CU Aerospace deployed from the International Space Station to demonstrate two commercial micro-propulsion technologies for affordable small spacecraft propulsion systems. Harnessing NASA’s brand power in real life, online As one of the most recognized global brands and most followed on social media, NASA amplified its reach through force-multiplying engagement activities that generate excitement and support for the agency’s missions and help foster a Golden Age of innovators and explorers. From collaborations with sport organizations and players to partnerships with world-renowned brands, these activities provide low-cost, high-impact avenues to engage an ever-expanding audience and reinforce NASA’s position as the world’s premier space agency. Engagement highlights from 2025 include: Second Lady Usha Vance also kicked off her This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, encouraging youth to seek adventure, imagination, and discovery in books, a sentiment close to NASA and everyone the agency inspires. Reached nearly 5 million people through participation in hybrid and in-person events across the agency, including the White House’s Summer Reading Challenge, Open Sauce 2025, the Expedition 71 and 72 postflight visits, featuring NASA astronauts recently returned from missions aboard the space station, and more. Participated in a variety of space policy conferences to include Space Symposium and the International Aeronautical Congress highlighting America’s leadership in human exploration to the Moon and Mars, responsible exploration under the Artemis Accords, and support for the commercial space sector. In 2025, NASA also consolidated its social media accounts to improve clarity, compliance, and strategic alignment. After streamlining the number of active accounts, the agency grew its total following on these accounts by more than eight million, reaching nearly 367 million followers. Other digital highlights included: In 2025, NASA expanded access to its NASA+ streaming service by launching a free, ad-supported channel on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up and announcing a new partnership with This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up to stream live programming, including rocket launches and spacewalks, making its missions more accessible to global audiences and inspiring the next generation of explorers. As of November 2025, viewers have streamed more than 7.7 million minutes of NASA content on the Prime Video FAST channel. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 return from the space station drew over 2.5 million live viewers, making it the agency’s most-watched event of 2025. NASA aired live broadcasts for 17 launches in 2025, which have a combined 3.7 million views while live. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-10 and NISAR launches have the most views on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , while crewed launches (Crew-10, Crew-11, and Axiom Mission 4) were the most-viewed while the broadcast was live. The agency’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up livestreams in 2025 surpassed 18.8 million total live views. The agency’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up channel has more than 50.4 million total views for the year. The agency’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up were downloaded more than 2 million times in 2025 by more than 750,000 listeners. Increased content production nearly tenfold for its science-focused website in Spanish, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and grew the website’s page views by 24% and visitor numbers by 25%. NASA’s Spanish language social media accounts experienced a 17% growth in followers in 2025. The number of subscribers to NASA’s flagship and Spanish This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up total more than 4.6 million. NASA earned a spot on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , a curated list celebrating 30 companies and organizations that have shaped the digital landscape. More than 2.9 million viewers watched 38,400 hours of NASA’s on-demand streaming service This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up in 2025. November marked two years since NASA+ debuted. Premiered “Planetary Defenders,” a new documentary that follows the dedicated team behind asteroid detection and planetary defense. The film debuted at an event at the agency’s headquarters with digital creators, interagency and international partners, and now is streaming on NASA+, This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up , and X. In its first 24 hours, it saw 25,000 views on This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up – 75% above average – and reached 4 million impressions on X. “Cosmic Dawn,” a feature-length documentary following the creation of the James Webb Space Telescope, was released this year. The film has been viewed 1.6 million times on the agency’s This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up channel. Among agency awards: NASA’s broadcast of the April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse won multiple This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up . Received six Webby Awards and six People’s Voice Awards across platforms — recognition of America’s excellence in digital engagement and public communication. Learn more about NASA’s missions online at: This is the hidden content, please Sign In or Sign Up -end- Bethany Stevens / Cheryl WarnerHeadquarters, Washington202-358-1600*****@*****.tld / *****@*****.tld Share Details Last Updated Dec 16, 2025 EditorJennifer M. 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